INDIAN OCEAN EMPIRE
I N T H E
AGE OF
UPCOMING EVENT
NEHA VORA (American University of Sharjah)
Online Cat Communities and the Production of Immigrant
Urban Belonging in the UAE
28 April 2025 | 3pm GMT

My current research focuses on informal stray cat care in the UAE as a site for human-nonhuman kinship as well as the production of social networks and political subjectivity across usually rigid class, race, and nationality lines. A small country with densely populated as well as rapidly modernizing cities like Dubai and Abu Dhabi, urban geographies in the UAE are constantly shifting, as are the circumstances of nonhuman urban dwellers, particularly cats. In the absence of a robust animal welfare infrastructure, informal social media groups on Facebook, WhatApp, and other platforms have become the sites for residents to share information about animals in need, look for fosters and adopters, and ask for financial support and advice. This paper considers the way meanings around human, animal, race, class, and urban belonging are produced and contested within these animal rescue and welfare social media groups. Since the Covid-19 pandemic began, many immigrants in the UAE have been losing their jobs, which means they also no longer have the right to reside in the country and must go home. As human conditions have become more precarious, so have those of their companion animals—abandonments are at an all-time high because many cannot afford to travel home with their pets. Often, desperate people will come onto these online communities asking for help in relocating with their pet(s), saying that if they are unable to pay the high costs associated with relocation, they will have no choice but to abandon them. The conversations that ensue on these posts are sometimes supportive but mostly rife with judgments about how one should never have adopted in the first place if they were not going to provide a forever home. As it is mostly low-wage immigrants from Asia and Africa that have high job insecurity, these conversations can become laden with racialized and classed comments. I examine some of these conversations in this article, and argue that they are cites in which existing racial hierarchies and class differences in the UAE are rehearsed, through racialized understandings of how different groups treat animals, understandings that are rooted in colonial discourses around animal care. However, these boards can also be spaces of sociality, sometimes cutting across offline geographic and racial segregations. For immigrants in particular, social media groups are spaces to forge community and new forms of urban belonging through shared kinship experiences with nonhumans.
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Neha Vora is Professor of Anthropology in the Department of International Studies at the American University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates. Her research and teaching interests include diasporas and migration, citizenship, globalized higher education, gender, liberalism, political economy, and human-nonhuman encounters, primarily in the Arabian Peninsula region. She is the author of Impossible Citizens: Dubai’s Indian Diaspora (Duke University Press, 2013) and Teach for Arabia: American Universities, Liberalism, and Transnational Qatar (Stanford University Press, 2018). She has also published a co-authored book with Ahmed Kanna and Amelie Le Renard, Beyond Exception: New Interpretations of the Arabian Peninsula (Cornell University Press, 2020). Her current research project is examining Dubai and other UAE cities as sites of entangled precarities humans and nonhumans, paying particular attention to informal stray cat care by immigrants and to the place-making practices of stray cats themselves.